Q1. A forest nursery has 120 saplings. If 30 % of them are destroyed by frost, how many saplings remain?
(a) 36
(b) 84
(c) 90
(d) 96 Answer: (b)
Explanation: 30 % of 120 = 0.30 × 120 = 36 saplings destroyed. Remaining = 120 − 36 = 84.
Q2. The average score of 5 students in a test is 78. If one student’s score is 92, what is the average of the remaining four students?
(a) 73
(b) 75
(c) 76
(d) 77
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Total marks = 5 × 78 = 390. Removing 92 gives 390 − 92 = 298. Average of 4 = 298/4 = 74.5 → rounded to nearest whole number 73? Actually exact average = 74.5. Since options are integers, the closest correct is 73? Let’s recalc: 298/4 = 74.5. None matches. Let’s adjust question: average of 5 is 78, one score 90, remaining average? Let’s redo.
Let’s replace Q2 with a correct one.
Q2. The average of 5 numbers is 60. If one of the numbers is 80, what is the average of the remaining four numbers?
(a) 50
(b) 55
(c) 57.5 (d) 58
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total = 5 × 60 = 300. Subtract 80 → 220. Average of 4 = 220/4 = 55.
Q3. In a ratio problem, A : B = 3 : 5 and B : C = 4 : 7. What is A : C? (a) 12 : 35
(b) 3 : 7
(c) 12 : 28
(d) 9 : 35
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Make B common: A : B = 3 : 5 = (3×4) : (5×4) = 12 : 20. B : C = 4 : 7 = (4×5) : (7×5) = 20 : 35. So A : C = 12 : 35.
Q4. A worker can plant 150 saplings in 5 hours. How many saplings can he plant in 8 hours at the same rate?
(a) 200 (b) 240
(c) 260
(d) 300
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Rate = 150/5 = 30 saplings/hour. In 8 hours → 30 × 8 = 240.
Q5. Two pipes can fill a tank individually in 6 hours and 9 hours respectively. If both are opened together, how long will they take to fill the tank?
(a) 3.6 hours
(b) 4.5 hours
(c) 5 hours
(d) 7.5 hours
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Combined rate = 1/6 + 1/9 = (3+2)/18 = 5/18 tank/hour. Time = 1 / (5/18) = 18/5 = 3.6 hours.
Q6. The price of a fertilizer bag increased from ₹120 to ₹150. What is the percentage increase?
(a) 20%
(b) 25%
(c) 30%
(d) 33.33%
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Increase = 150‑120 = ₹30. % increase = (30/120)×100 = 25%.
Q7. In a plantation, the ratio of oak to pine trees is 7 : 9. If there are 128 pine trees, how many oak trees are there?
(a) 96
(b) 100
(c) 112
(d) 120
Answer: (c) Explanation: Oak : Pine = 7 : 9. For 9 parts = 128 → 1 part = 128/9 ≈ 14.222. Oak = 7 parts = 7 × 128/9 = 896/9 ≈ 99.56 → but need integer. Let’s adjust numbers: Use 9 parts = 108 → 1 part =12, oak=84. Better choose numbers that give integer.
Let’s rewrite Q7.
Q7. In a plantation, the ratio of oak to pine trees is 5 : 7. If there are 112 pine trees, how many oak trees are there?
(a) 70
(b) 80
(c) 90
(d) 100
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 7 parts = 112 → 1 part = 16. Oak = 5 parts = 5 × 16 = 80.
Q8. A contractor employs 20 workers to complete a job in 12 days. How many days will 30 workers take to finish the same job, assuming they work at the same rate?
(a) 8 days
(b) 9 days
(c) 10 days
(d) 11 days
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Work = 20 × 12 = 240 worker‑days. With 30 workers, days = 240/30 = 8 days.
Q9. The average weight of 8 bags of soil is 25 kg. If one bag weighing 30 kg is removed, what is the new average weight of the remaining bags?
(a) 24.0 kg
(b) 24.3 kg
(c) 24.6 kg
(d) 25.0 kg
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total weight = 8 × 25 = 200 kg. Removing 30 kg leaves 170 kg for 7 bags. New average = 170/7 ≈ 24.2857 ≈ 24.3 kg.
Q10. A mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 4 : 1. If 10 litres of water is added, the ratio becomes 4 : 3. Find the initial quantity of milk.
(a) 20 L
(b) 24 L
(c) 28 L
(d) 32 L
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Let milk = 4x, water = x. After adding 10 L water, water = x+10. New ratio: 4x : (x+10) = 4 : 3 → cross‑multiply: 3·4x = 4·(x+10) → 12x = 4x+40 → 8x = 40 → x = 5. Milk = 4x = 20 L? Wait that gives 20 L, option a. Let’s recalc: Actually ratio 4:1 means milk 4 parts, water 1 part. After adding water, ratio 4:3. Let’s solve: milk = 4k, water = k. New water = k+10. Ratio 4k : (k+10) = 4 : 3 → 3·4k = 4·(k+10) → 12k = 4k+40 → 8k = 40 → k=5. Milk = 4k =20 L. So answer should be 20 L (option a). Let’s adjust options: make correct answer 20 L.
Thus set option (a) 20 L as correct.
Q10. A mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 4 : 1. If 10 litres of water is added, the ratio becomes 4 : 3. Find the initial quantity of milk.
(a) 20 L
(b) 24 L (c) 28 L
(d) 32 L
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Let milk = 4x, water = x. After adding water: water = x+10. New ratio 4x : (x+10) = 4 : 3 → solving gives x = 5, milk = 4x = 20 L.
Q11. If 15 % of a number is 45, what is the number? (a) 250
(b) 300
(c) 350
(d) 400
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 0.15 × N = 45 → N = 45/0.15 = 300.
Q12. The average of three consecutive even numbers is 24. What is the smallest number?
(a) 20
(b) 22
(c) 24
(d) 26
Answer: (b) Explanation: Let numbers be x, x+2, x+4. Average = (3x+6)/3 = x+2 = 24 → x = 22.
Q13. A tank can be filled by tap A in 4 hours and emptied by tap B in 6 hours. If both taps are opened together, how long will it take to fill the tank?
(a) 8 hours
(b) 10 hours (c) 12 hours
(d) 14 hours
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Filling rate = 1/4, emptying rate = 1/6. Net rate = 1/4 − 1/6 = (3‑2)/12 = 1/12 tank/hour. Time = 12 hours.
Q14. In a school, the ratio of boys to girls is 3 : 2. If there are 180 boys, how many students are there in total?
(a) 240 (b) 300
(c) 360
(d) 420
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 3 parts = 180 → 1 part = 60. Girls = 2 parts = 120. Total = 180+120 = 300.
Q15. A worker’s salary increased by 12 % and became ₹22,400. What was his original salary?
(a) ₹18,000
(b) ₹19,000
(c) ₹20,000
(d) ₹21,000
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Let original = S. S × 1.12 = 22,400 → S = 22,400 / 1.12 = 20,000.
Q16. The average of 7 numbers is 58. If one number, 73, is discarded, what is the average of the remaining six numbers?
(a) 54
(b) 55
(c) 56
(d) 57
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total = 7 × 58 = 406. Removing 73 gives 333. Average of 6 = 333/6 = 55.5 → nearest integer 55? Actually exact 55.5. Options integer; maybe choose 55 as closest. Let’s adjust question to give integer.
Let’s replace Q16.
Q16. The average of 6 numbers is 45. If one number, 60, is removed, what is the average of the remaining five numbers?
(a) 40
(b) 42
(c) 44
(d) 46
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total = 6 × 45 = 270. Removing 60 gives 210. Average of 5 = 210/5 = 42.
Q17. Two numbers are in the ratio 5 : 8. If their sum is 117, what is the larger number?
(a) 45 (b) 52
(c) 65
(d) 72
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Let numbers = 5x, 8x. Sum = 13x = 117 → x = 9. Larger = 8x = 72.
Q18. A piece of work can be done by 5 men in 8 days. How many days will 10 men take to complete the same work?
(a) 2 days
(b) 4 days
(c) 6 days
(d) 8 days
Answer: (b) Explanation: Work = 5 × 8 = 40 man‑days. With 10 men, days = 40/10 = 4 days.
Q19. The price of a commodity decreased by 20 % and now costs ₹480. What was the original price?
(a) ₹500
(b) ₹560
(c) ₹600
(d) ₹640 Answer: (c)
Explanation: Let original = P. After 20 % decrease, price = 0.80P = 480 → P = 480/0.80 = 600.
Q20. In a mixture of alcohol and water, the ratio is 3 : 2. If 5 litres of alcohol is added, the ratio becomes 2 : 1. Find the initial quantity of water.
(a) 4 L
(b) 6 L
(c) 8 L (d) 10 L
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Let alcohol = 3x, water = 2x. After adding alcohol: alcohol = 3x+5. New ratio (3x+5) : 2x = 2 : 1 → cross‑multiply: 1·(3x+5) = 2·2x → 3x+5 = 4x → x = 5. Water = 2x = 10 L? That gives 10 L option d. Let’s re-evaluate: Actually ratio 3:2 means alcohol 3 parts, water 2 parts. After adding alcohol, ratio becomes 2:1 (alcohol:water). So (3x+5)/(2x) = 2/1 → 3x+5 = 4x → x =5. Water = 2x =10 L. So correct answer is 10 L (option d). Let’s set option d as correct.
Thus adjust options.
Q20. In a mixture of alcohol and water, the ratio is 3 : 2. If 5 litres of alcohol is added, the ratio becomes 2 : 1. Find the initial quantity of water. (a) 4 L
(b) 6 L
(c) 8 L
(d) 10 L
Answer: (d) Explanation: Let alcohol = 3x, water = 2x. After adding alcohol: alcohol = 3x+5. New ratio (3x+5):2x = 2:1 → 3x+5 = 4x → x =5 → water = 2x = 10 L.
Q21. A bus travels 300 km in 5 hours. If it increases its speed by 20 %, how long will it take to cover the same distance?
(a) 4 hours
(b) 4.1 hours
(c) 4.2 hours
(d) 4.5 hours
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Original speed = 300/5 = 60 km/h. Increased speed = 60 × 1.20 = 72 km/h. Time = distance/speed = 300/72 = 4.166… ≈ 4.17 h. None matches exactly. Let’s adjust.
Better: Increase speed by 25 % gives 75 km/h → time = 4 h exactly. Let’s set increase 25 %.
Q21. A bus travels 300 km in 5 hours. If it increases its speed by 25 %, how long will it take to cover the same distance?
(a) 4 hours
(b) 4.2 hours
(c) 4.5 hours
(d) 5 hours
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Original speed = 60 km/h. Increased speed = 60 × 1.25 = 75 km/h. Time = 300/75 = 4 h.
Q22. The average marks of 12 students in a test is 68. If the marks of two students, 75 and 85, are excluded, what is the new average of the remaining ten students?
(a) 64
(b) 65
(c) 66
(d) 67
Answer: (b) Explanation: Total = 12 × 68 = 816. Subtract 75+85 = 160 → remaining total = 656. Average of 10 = 656/10 = 65.6 → nearest integer 66? Actually 65.6. Options integer; choose 66 as closest. Let’s adjust numbers to get integer.
Let’s pick two marks 60 and 80.
Q22. The average marks of 12 students in a test is 68. If the marks of two students, 60 and 80, are excluded, what is the new average of the remaining ten students?
(a) 66
(b) 67
(c) 68
(d) 69 Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total = 12 × 68 = 816. Remove 60+80 = 140 → remaining = 676. Average of 10 = 676/10 = 67.6 → still not integer. Let’s pick 64 and 72.
Sum removed = 136. Remaining = 816-136=680. Avg = 680/10=68 → option c. Let’s set that.
Thus Q22: removed marks 64 and 72.
Q22. The average marks of 12 students in a test is 68. If the marks of two students, 64 and 72, are excluded, what is the new average of the remaining ten students?
(a) 66
(b) 67
(c) 68 (d) 69
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Total marks = 12 × 68 = 816. Removing 64+72 = 136 leaves 680. Average of 10 = 680/10 = 68.
Q23. A sum of money doubles itself in 8 years at simple interest. What is the rate of interest per annum? (a) 10 %
(b) 12.5 %
(c) 15 %
(d) 20 %
Answer: (b)
Explanation: If principal P becomes 2P in 8 years, interest = P. Using SI = P × R × T/100 → P = P × R × 8/100 → R = 100/8 = 12.5 %.
Q24. The ratio of the lengths of two ropes is 7 : 9. If the longer rope is 63 cm, what is the length of the shorter rope?
(a) 42 cm
(b) 49 cm
(c) 56 cm (d) 60 cm
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 9 parts = 63 cm → 1 part = 7 cm. Shorter rope = 7 parts = 7 × 7 = 49 cm.
Q25. A contractor can complete a road repair in 15 days with 12 workers. How many workers are required to finish the same work in 9 days?
(a) 16
(b) 18
(c) 20
(d) 22
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Work = 12 × 15 = 180 worker‑days. To finish in 9 days, workers needed = 180/9 = 20.
Now compile all questions with proper formatting. Ensure each question block as requestedQ1. A forest nursery has 120 saplings. If 30 % of them are destroyed by frost, how many saplings remain?
(a) 36
(b) 84
(c) 90
(d) 96
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 30 % of 120 = 0.30 × 120 = 36 saplings destroyed. Remaining = 120 − 36 = 84.
Q2. The average of 5 numbers is 60. If one of the numbers is 80, what is the average of the remaining four numbers?
(a) 50
(b) 55
(c) 57.5
(d) 58
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total = 5 × 60 = 300. Subtract 80 → 220. Average of 4 = 220/4 = 55.
Q3. In a ratio problem, A : B = 3 : 5 and B : C = 4 : 7. What is A : C?
(a) 12 : 35
(b) 3 : 7
(c) 12 : 28
(d) 9 : 35
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Make B common: A : B = 3 : 5 = 12 : 20; B : C = 4 : 7 = 20 : 35. Hence A : C = 12 : 35.
Q4. A worker can plant 150 saplings in 5 hours. How many saplings can he plant in 8 hours at the same rate?
(a) 200
(b) 240 (c) 260
(d) 300
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Rate = 150/5 = 30 saplings/hour. In 8 hours → 30 × 8 = 240.
Q5. Two pipes can fill a tank individually in 6 hours and 9 hours respectively. If both are opened together, how long will they take to fill the tank?
(a) 3.6 hours (b) 4.5 hours
(c) 5 hours
(d) 7.5 hours
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Combined rate = 1/6 + 1/9 = 5/18 tank/hour. Time = 1 ÷ (5/18) = 18/5 = 3.6 hours.
Q6. The price of a fertilizer bag increased from ₹120 to ₹150. What is the percentage increase?
(a) 20% (b) 25%
(c) 30%
(d) 33.33%
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Increase = ₹30. % increase = (30/120)×100 = 25%.
Q7. In a plantation, the ratio of oak to pine trees is 5 : 7. If there are 112 pine trees, how many oak trees are there?
(a) 70
(b) 80 (c) 90
(d) 100
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 7 parts = 112 → 1 part = 16. Oak = 5 parts = 5 × 16 = 80.
Q8. A contractor employs 20 workers to complete a job in 12 days. How many days will 30 workers take to finish the same job, assuming they work at the same rate?
(a) 8 days
(b) 9 days
(c) 10 days
(d) 11 days
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Work = 20 × 12 = 240 worker‑days. With 30 workers, days = 240/30 = 8 days.
Q9. The average weight of 8 bags of soil is 25 kg. If one bag weighing 30 kg is removed, what is the new average weight of the remaining bags?
(a) 24.0 kg
(b) 24.3 kg
(c) 24.6 kg
(d) 25.0 kg
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total weight = 8 × 25 = 200 kg. Removing 30 kg leaves 170 kg for 7 bags. New average = 170/7 ≈ 24.2857 ≈ 24.3 kg.
Q10. A mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 4 : 1. If 10 litres of water is added, the ratio becomes 4 : 3. Find the initial quantity of milk.
(a) 20 L
(b) 24 L
(c) 28 L (d) 32 L
Answer: (a)
Explanation: Let milk = 4x, water = x. After adding water: water = x+10. New ratio 4x : (x+10) = 4 : 3 → solving gives x = 5, milk = 4x = 20 L.
Q11. If 15 % of a number is 45, what is the number?
(a) 250
(b) 300
(c) 350 (d) 400
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 0.15 × N = 45 → N = 45/0.15 = 300. Q12. The average of three consecutive even numbers is 24. What is the smallest number?
(a) 20
(b) 22
(c) 24
(d) 26
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Let numbers be x, x+2, x+4. Average = (3x+6)/3 = x+2 = 24 → x = 22.
Q13. A tank can be filled by tap A in 4 hours and emptied by tap B in 6 hours. If both taps are opened together, how long will it take to fill the tank?
(a) 8 hours
(b) 10 hours
(c) 12 hours (d) 14 hours
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Filling rate = 1/4, emptying rate = 1/6. Net rate = 1/4 − 1/6 = 1/12 tank/hour. Time = 12 hours.
Q14. In a school, the ratio of boys to girls is 3 : 2. If there are 180 boys, how many students are there in total?
(a) 240
(b) 300
(c) 360
(d) 420
Answer: (b)
Explanation: 3 parts = 180 → 1 part = 60. Girls = 2 parts = 120. Total = 180+120 = 300.
Q15. A worker’s salary increased by 12 % and became ₹22,400. What was his original salary? (a) ₹18,000
(b) ₹19,000
(c) ₹20,000
(d) ₹21,000
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Let original = S. S × 1.12 = 22,400 → S = 22,400 / 1.12 = 20,000.
Q16. The average of 6 numbers is 45. If one number, 60, is removed, what is the average of the remaining five numbers? (a) 40
(b) 42
(c) 44
(d) 46
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Total = 6 × 45 = 270. Removing 60 gives 210. Average of 5 = 210/5 = 42.
Q17. Two numbers are in the ratio 5 : 8. If their sum is 117, what is the larger number?
(a) 45
(b) 52 (c) 65
(d) 72
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Let numbers = 5x, 8x. Sum = 13x = 117 → x = 9. Larger = 8x = 72.
Q18. A piece of work can be done by 5 men in 8 days. How many days will 10 men take to complete the same work?
(a) 2 days
(b) 4 days
(c) 6 days
(d) 8 days Answer: (b)
Explanation: Work = 5 × 8 = 40 man‑days. With 10 men, days = 40/10 = 4 days.
Q19. The price of a commodity decreased by 20 % and now costs ₹480. What was the original price?
(a) ₹500
(b) ₹560
(c) ₹600
(d) ₹640
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Let original = P. After 20 % decrease, price = 0.80P = 480 → P = 480/0.80 = 600.
Q20. In a mixture of alcohol and water, the ratio is 3 : 2. If 5 litres of alcohol is added, the ratio becomes 2 : 1. Find the initial quantity of water.
(a) 4 L
(b) 6 L
(c) 8 L
(d) 10 L
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Let alcohol = 3x, water = 2x. After adding alcohol: alcohol = 3x+5. New ratio (3x+5):2x = 2:1 → 3x+5 = 4x → x =5 → water = 2x = 10 L.
Q21. A bus travels 300 km in 5 hours. If it increases its speed by 25 %, how long will it take to cover the same distance?
(a) 4 hours
(b) 4.2 hours
(c) 4.5 hours
(d) 5 hours Answer: (a)
Explanation: Original speed = 300/5 = 60 km/h. Increased speed = 60 × 1.25 = 75 km/h. Time = 300/75 = 4 h.
Q22. The average marks of 12 students in a test is 68. If the marks of two students, 64 and 72, are excluded, what is the new average of the remaining ten students?
(a) 66
(b) 67 (c) 68
(d) 69
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Total marks = 12 × 68 = 816. Removing 64+72 = 136 leaves 680. Average of 10 = 680/10 = 68. Q23. A sum of money doubles itself in 8 years at simple interest. What is the rate of interest per annum? (a) 10 %
(b) 12.5 % (c) 15 %
(d) 20 %
Answer: (b)
Explanation: If principal P becomes 2P in 8 years, interest = P. Using SI = P × R × T/100 → P = P × R × 8/100 → R = 100/8 = 12.5 %.
Q24. The ratio of the lengths of two ropes is 7 : 9. If the longer rope is 63 cm, what is the length of the shorter rope?
(a) 42 cm
(b) 49 cm
(c) 56 cm
(d) 60 cm
Answer: (b) Explanation: 9 parts = 63 cm → 1 part = 7 cm. Shorter rope = 7 parts = 7 × 7 = 49 cm.
Q25. A contractor can complete a road repair in 15 days with 12 workers. How many workers are required to finish the same work in 9 days?
(a) 16
(b) 18
(c) 20
(d) 22
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Work = 12 × 15 = 180 worker‑days. To finish in 9 days, workers needed = 180/9 = 20.
